QB64 Wiki - Recent changes [en]

Keyword Reference - Alphabetical

2010-09-10T00:41:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:41, 10 September 2010
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	<div id = "uC">_C</div>		<div id = "uC">_C</div>
-	* [[$CHECKING]](QB64 Metacommand)	+	* [[$CHECKING]] (QB64 C++ Metacommand)
	* [[_CLEARCOLOR]] (statement)		* [[_CLEARCOLOR]] (statement)
	* [[_CLEARCOLOR (function)]]		* [[_CLEARCOLOR (function)]]

ON TIMER (n)

2010-09-09T22:14:21Z

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	* TIMER(n) FREE releases a timer event after being turned off.		* TIMER(n) FREE releases a timer event after being turned off.
	* Does not currently interrupt {{KW\|SLEEP}} calls.		* Does not currently interrupt {{KW\|SLEEP}} calls.
		+	* {{KW\|$CHECKING}}: OFF can disable QB64 event checking. It should '''ONLY''' be used with errorless code that needs every CPU cycle!
		+


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	{{PageSeeAlso}}		{{PageSeeAlso}}

-	* {{KW\|TIMER}}, {{KW\|_FREETIMER}}, {{KW\|TIMER (statement)}}, {{KW\|_DELAY}}, {{KW\|_LIMIT}}	+	* {{KW\|TIMER}}, {{KW\|_FREETIMER}}
		+
		+	* {{KW\|TIMER (statement)}}, {{KW\|_DELAY}}, {{KW\|_LIMIT}}
		+
		+	* {{KW\|$CHECKING}} (QB64 C++ {{KW\|Metacommand}})

Metacommand

2010-09-09T22:06:08Z

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	''Syntax:''		''Syntax:''

-	::REM {{KW\|$INCLUDE}}: 'QB.BI' loads a ~~referance~~ file or library	+	::REM {{KW\|$INCLUDE}}: 'QB.BI' 'loads a reference file or library

-	::REM {{KW\|$DYNAMIC}}	+	::REM {{KW\|$DYNAMIC}} 'enables resizing of array dimensions with REDIM

-	::REM {{KW\|$STATIC}}	+	::REM {{KW\|$STATIC}} 'arrays cannot be resized once dimensioned

		+	::{{KW\|$CHECKING}}: OFF 'disables QB64 C++ event checking

-	* Metacommands are normally used at the program start and are in effect throughout the program.	+
		+	* '''$CHECKING: OFF''' should only be used with '''errorless''' code where every CPU cycle counts! Use '''ON''' to re-enable event checking.
		+	* '''QB64''' event $CHECKING is '''NOT''' commented out!
		+	* '''Qbasic''' Metacommands are normally used at the program start and are in effect throughout the program.
	* {{KW\|$INCLUDE}} can be used at the beginning or at the end of program SUB procedures. Placing the reference elsewhere creates a QB64 compiler error!		* {{KW\|$INCLUDE}} can be used at the beginning or at the end of program SUB procedures. Placing the reference elsewhere creates a QB64 compiler error!
	* $STATIC makes all arrays {{KW\|STATIC}} or unchangeable in size. Use {{KW\|DIM}} only!		* $STATIC makes all arrays {{KW\|STATIC}} or unchangeable in size. Use {{KW\|DIM}} only!
-	* $DYNAMIC allows larger arrays that are changeable in size. Use {{KW\|REDIM}} for changeable sizes!	+	* $DYNAMIC allows larger arrays that are changeable in size. Use {{KW\|REDIM}} for changeable sizes! [[_PRESERVE]] preserves contents.
	* Metacommands should have their own program line since they are commented out.		* Metacommands should have their own program line since they are commented out.
		+
		+
		+	''See also:''
		+
		+	[[REM]]
		+
		+	[[DIM]], [[REDIM]]
		+
		+	[[ON TIMER (n)]]

$CHECKING

2010-09-09T21:36:03Z

Created page with 'The $CHECKING metacommand turns C++ event checking ON or OFF. ''Syntax:'' $CHECKING: OFF * The Metacommand does '''NOT''' require a comment or REM before it! * The OFF action…'

New page

The $CHECKING metacommand turns C++ event checking ON or OFF.

''Syntax:'' $CHECKING: OFF

* The Metacommand does '''NOT''' require a comment or REM before it!
* The OFF action turns event checking off and should ONLY be used when running stable, errorless code!
* The default ON action is only required when checking has been turned OFF previously.

''Explanation:'' After every QB64 command a C++ check as follows is performed: If (qbevent){...

: Using [[ON TIMER (n)]] merely sets qbevent when appropriate, causing little/no difference to the speed your program runs at. Unless you are using the QB64 direct meta-command to avoid this:

:::$CHECKING:OFF

:But turning checking off is only designed for 100% stable, error-less sections of code, where every CPU cycle saved counts. Such as in a software 3D texture mapper.

''See also:''

* [[ON TIMER (n)]]

* [[Metacommand]]

{{PageNavigation}}

Keyword Reference - Alphabetical

2010-09-09T21:18:50Z

QB64 specific keywords:

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	<div id = "uC">_C</div>		<div id = "uC">_C</div>
		+	* [[$CHECKING]](QB64 Metacommand)
	* [[_CLEARCOLOR]] (statement)		* [[_CLEARCOLOR]] (statement)
	* [[_CLEARCOLOR (function)]]		* [[_CLEARCOLOR (function)]]

Icons and Cursors

2010-09-08T18:10:00Z

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	{{Cl\|DO}}		{{Cl\|DO}}
	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$		{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$
-	Byte{{Cl\|VAL}} = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) 'MSBit is left when calculating 16 X 16 cursor map 2 byte integer	+	Byte{{Cl\|VAL}} = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) 'MSBit is left when calculating 16 X 16 cursor map 2 byte integer
-	{{Cl\|FOR...NEXT\|FOR}} Bit% = 7 {{Cl\|TO}} 0 {{Cl\|STEP}} -1 'values despite M$ documentation that says otherwise!	+	{{Cl\|FOR...NEXT\|FOR}} Bit% = 7 {{Cl\|TO}} 0 {{Cl\|STEP}} -1 'values despite M$ documentation that says otherwise!
-	{{Cl\|IF}} Byte{{Cl\|VAL}} {{Cl\|AND (boolean)\|AND}} 2 ^ Bit% {{Cl\|THEN}} '~~{{Cl\|~~LONG}} values cannot be used in a cursor file!	+	{{Cl\|IF}} Byte{{Cl\|VAL}} {{Cl\|AND (boolean)\|AND}} 2 ^ Bit% {{Cl\|THEN}} 'LONG values cannot be used in a cursor file!
	{{Cl\|IF}} BPP > 8 {{Cl\|THEN}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), {{Cl\|_RGB32}}(255, 255, 255) {{Cl\|ELSE}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), 15		{{Cl\|IF}} BPP > 8 {{Cl\|THEN}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), {{Cl\|_RGB32}}(255, 255, 255) {{Cl\|ELSE}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), 15
	{{Cl\|ELSE}}: {{Cl\|IF}} BPP > 8 {{Cl\|THEN}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), {{Cl\|_RGB32}}(0, 0, 0) {{Cl\|ELSE}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), 0		{{Cl\|ELSE}}: {{Cl\|IF}} BPP > 8 {{Cl\|THEN}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), {{Cl\|_RGB32}}(0, 0, 0) {{Cl\|ELSE}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), 0

SelectScreen

2010-09-07T10:48:03Z

out of data fixed

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	{{Cb\|DATA}} 2048,1536,1		{{Cb\|DATA}} 2048,1536,1
	{{Cb\|DATA}} 2048,2048,7		{{Cb\|DATA}} 2048,2048,7
-	{{Cb\|DATA}} ,	+	{{Cb\|DATA}} ,,

	{{TextEnd}}		{{TextEnd}}

Icons and Cursors

2010-09-07T05:32:32Z

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-	~~Under Construction!~~	+	<center>'''Icons''' and '''Cursors''' are image files with ICO or CUR filename extensions.</center>
-	<center>C</center>	+
		+
		+	* Both can use 1 BPP(B & W), 4 BPP(16), 8 BPP(256) or 24 BPP(16 million) color palettes.
		+	* They are formatted similar to bitmaps, but each file can hold more than one image.
		+	* Images can be different sizes and use different color palettes.
		+	* Each image has an XOR and an AND image mask to allow background transparency.
		+	* The XOR mask is normally color while the AND mask is 1 BPP or black and white.
		+	* The AND image mask is placed on a background using a process like [[PUT (graphics statement)\|PUT]] with the AND action.
		+	* Then the XOR mask is placed on top of the blackened areas to display the image colors.
		+	* The resulting image can allow any background to be seen through parts of the image.
		+
		+
		+	<center>'''Icon or Cursor File Information and Structure'''</center>
		+
		+	{{TextStart}}
		+	' ******************* ICONCUR.BI
		+	' INCLUDE this BI file at the start of a program
		+	'
		+	{{Cb\|TYPE}} IconType 'file header
		+	Reserved {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|INTEGER}} 'Reserved (always 0)
		+	ID {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|INTEGER}} 'Resource ID (Icon = 1, Cursor = 2)
		+	Count {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|INTEGER}} 'Number of icon bitmaps in Directory of icon entries array
		+	{{Cb\|END}} {{Cb\|TYPE}} '6 bytes
		+
		+	{{Cb\|TYPE}} ICONENTRY 'or unanimated Cursor entry (ANI are animated cursors)
		+	PWidth {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|_BYTE}} 'Width of icon in pixels (USE THIS)
		+	PDepth {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|_BYTE}} 'Height of icon in pixels (USE THIS)
		+	NumColors {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|_BYTE}} 'Maximum number of colors: 256 up = 0 (16 bit 2, 4 or 8 only}
		+	RES2 {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|_BYTE}} 'Reserved. Not used (always 0)
		+	HotSpotX {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|INTEGER}} 'Icon: NumberPlanes(normally 0), Cursor: hotspot pixels from left
		+	HotSpotY {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|INTEGER}} 'Icon: BitsPerPixel(normally 0), Cursor: hotspot pixels from top
		+	DataSize {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|LONG}} 'Length of icon bitmap in bytes (USE THIS)
		+	DataOffset {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|LONG}} 'Offset byte position of icon bitmap data header in file(add 1)
		+	{{Cb\|END}} {{Cb\|TYPE}} '16 bytes
		+
		+	{{Cb\|TYPE}} BMPHEADER 'Bitmap type header found using entry DataOffset + 1
		+	IconHSize {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|LONG}} 'size of ICON header (always 40 bytes)
		+	ICONWidth {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|LONG}} 'bitmap width in pixels (signed integer).
		+	ICONDepth {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|LONG}} 'Total map height in pixels (signed integer is {{Cb\|DOUBLE}} image height).
		+	NumPlanes {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|INTEGER}} 'number of color planes. Must be set to 1.
		+	BPP {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|INTEGER}} 'bits per pixel 1, 4, 8, 16, 24 or 32.(USE THIS)
		+	Compress {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|LONG}} 'compression method should always be 0.
		+	RAWSize {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|LONG}} 'size of the raw ICON image data(may only be {{Cb\|XOR}} mask size).
		+	Hres {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|LONG}} 'horizontal resolution of the image(not normally used)
		+	Vres {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|LONG}} 'vertical resolution of the image(not normally used)
		+	NumColors {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|LONG}} 'number of colors in the color palette(not normally used)
		+	SigColors {{Cb\|AS}} {{Cb\|LONG}} 'number of important colors used(not normally used)
		+	{{Cb\|END}} {{Cb\|TYPE}} '40 byte '' ''
		+
		+	{{TextEnd}}
		+	<center>'''The ICON File Header Information'''</center>
		+
		+	:The Icon header is only six bytes. The first value is reserved and is always 0.
		+	:The second Integer tells the type of file:
		+
		+	:::* 1 indicates that the file is an Icon
		+	:::* 2 indicates that the file is a Cursor
		+
		+	:The third Integer indicates the number of images contained in the file. This will also tell you the number of Icon Entry information headers follow. An array can be used to reference the entry information later when there is more than one image.
		+
	{{WhiteStart}}		{{WhiteStart}}
	'''Single Image Icon or Cursor'''		'''Single Image Icon or Cursor'''
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	{{WhiteEnd}}		{{WhiteEnd}}
		+	<center>'''The Icon or Cursor Entry Header'''</center>
		+	: All of the Entry headers are listed after the Icon header. They are 16 bytes each and hold the dimensions and data offset:
		+	:* The first two [[_BYTE]]s hold the image dimensions, '''width''' and '''height'''. Sizes can range from 8 to 128 pixels.
		+	:* The third byte will list the number of colors, normally 1, 8, 16 or 0 for colors over 255.
		+	:* The fourth byte is not used.
		+	:* The following 2 [[INTEGER]] values are normally 0 also unless the file is a Cursor. The cursor image's column and row "'''hotspots'''" will be listed in all cursor files! The "hotspot" is the pixel position of the mouse click. Otherwise don't use these 2 values.
		+	:* The '''Data Size''' follows as a [[LONG]] integer(DWORD). This can help find the mask locations.
		+	:* The LONG '''Data Offset''' tells you the byte position immediately before the BitMaP image header.
		+	: It is recommended that all of the image Entry Headers be read and stored in an array before jumping to the bitmap headers!
		+
		+	<center>'''The Icon Bitmap Header'''</center>
		+	: The offset given in the Entry Header will take you to the byte immediately before this header.
		+	:* The first LONG value gives the size of the BMP header and is always be 40. Add 1 to the '''Data Offset''' to [[GET]] the entire header.
		+	:* The next two LONG values hold the '''width''' and '''height''' of both masks so the height is doubled. These sizes may not be given!
		+	:* The number of planes [[INTEGER]] is always 1
		+	:* The '''BPP'''(bits per pixel) value indicates the image's color depth from 1 to 24 BPP. Use > 8 in case some say 32.
		+	:* Compression should always be 0.
		+	:* The LONG '''Raw Data Size''' may not always be given and it may only be the XOR data size.


		+	<center>'''Palette and Image Data'''</center>

		+	:The Palette is only used in '''4 BPP''' and '''8 BPP''' Icons or Cursors. It is exactly the same format as a bitmap. After the Palette or BMP Header if 1 or 24 BPP colors, the XOR data is also read the same as a bitmap. See the [[Bitmaps]] page for that information.


		+	<center>'''Reading the AND Mask'''</center>

		+	:The AND mask is read as a '''one BPP''' black and white image. It is white where the background may show and black where the colors from the XOR mask will show. It is placed using the AND action by Windows first. Then the XOR mask is placed on top using an XOR action. The following SUB procedure can adapt to 24 bit colors so that colors will not be affected. Make sure that the BPP value is [[SHARED]] or pass it using a parameter!


		+	{{CodeStart}}
		+	'' ''
		+	{{Cl\|SUB}} ANDMask 'MASK is B & W. Black area holds {{Cl\|XOR}} colors, white displays background
		+	BitsOver = wide& {{Cl\|MOD}} 32
		+	{{Cl\|IF}} BitsOver {{Cl\|THEN}} ZeroPAD$ = {{Cl\|SPACE$}}((32 - BitsOver) \ 8) 'look for sizes not multiples of 32 bits
		+	{{Cl\|_DEST}} bmp&
		+	{{Cl\|PALETTE}} ' 'remove for a PUT using previous XOR mask palette settings
		+	y = deep& - 1: a$ = " ": p$ = " "
		+	{{Cl\|DO}}
		+	x = 0
		+	{{Cl\|DO}}
		+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$
		+	Byte{{Cl\|VAL}} = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) 'MSBit is left when calculating 16 X 16 cursor map 2 byte integer
		+	{{Cl\|FOR...NEXT\|FOR}} Bit% = 7 {{Cl\|TO}} 0 {{Cl\|STEP}} -1 'values despite M$ documentation that says otherwise!
		+	{{Cl\|IF}} Byte{{Cl\|VAL}} {{Cl\|AND (boolean)\|AND}} 2 ^ Bit% {{Cl\|THEN}} '{{Cl\|LONG}} values cannot be used in a cursor file!
		+	{{Cl\|IF}} BPP > 8 {{Cl\|THEN}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), {{Cl\|_RGB32}}(255, 255, 255) {{Cl\|ELSE}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), 15
		+	{{Cl\|ELSE}}: {{Cl\|IF}} BPP > 8 {{Cl\|THEN}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), {{Cl\|_RGB32}}(0, 0, 0) {{Cl\|ELSE}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), 0
		+	{{Cl\|END IF}}
		+	x = x + 1 '16 X 16 = 32 bytes, 32 X 32 = 128 bytes AND MASK SIZES
		+	{{Cl\|NEXT}} Bit% '48 X 48 = 288 bytes, 64 X 64 = 512 bytes, 128 X 128 = 2048 bytes
		+	{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|WHILE}} x < wide&
		+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , ZeroPAD$ '16 X 16 and 48 X 48 = 2 byte end padder per row in the AND MASK
		+	y = y - 1 'adds 32 and 96 bytes respectively to the raw data size!
		+	{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|UNTIL}} y = -1
		+	{{Cl\|END}} {{Cl\|SUB}} '' ''

		+	{{CodeEnd}}

Bitmaps

2010-09-07T02:10:49Z

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	* Bitmaps can use 1, 4, 8 or 24 bits per pixel(BPP) color palettes.		* Bitmaps can use 1, 4, 8 or 24 bits per pixel(BPP) color palettes.
-	* Unlike Qbasic, QB64 is capable of working with 24 bit(~~256~~) color palette bitmaps and can create screens to use them.	+	* Unlike Qbasic, QB64 is capable of working with 24 bit per pixel (16 million) color palette bitmaps and can create screens to use them.
	* Text mode 0 cannot be screen saved in Qbasic or QB64!		* Text mode 0 cannot be screen saved in Qbasic or QB64!
	* The structure of the Bitmap header can be placed in a [[TYPE]] definition as below. This information can be used to find out the bitmap's '''Width''' and '''Height''' dimensions, '''Bits Per Pixel''' used and the '''offset''' of the actual image pixel data.		* The structure of the Bitmap header can be placed in a [[TYPE]] definition as below. This information can be used to find out the bitmap's '''Width''' and '''Height''' dimensions, '''Bits Per Pixel''' used and the '''offset''' of the actual image pixel data.
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	'''BITMAP COMPRESSION METHODS'''		'''BITMAP COMPRESSION METHODS'''

-	'''Value Compression method ~~Description~~'''	+	'''Value Identified by Compression method Comments'''
-	0 ~~None Common bitmaps do not use compression~~	+	0 BI_RGB none Most common
-	1 ~~RLE~~* ~~Only used~~ with 8-bit/pixel bitmaps	+	1 BI_RLE8 * RLE 8-bit/pixel Used only with 8-bit/pixel bitmaps
-	2 ~~RLE~~* ~~Only used~~ with 4-bit/pixel bitmaps	+	2 BI_RLE4 * RLE 4-bit/pixel Used only with 4-bit/pixel bitmaps
-	3 Bit field ~~Only used~~ with 16 and ~~24/~~32-bit/pixel bitmaps.	+	3 BI_BITFIELDS Bit field Used only with 16 and 32-bit/pixel bitmaps.
-	4 JPEG Bitmap contains a JPEG image	+	4 BI_JPEG JPEG Bitmap contains a JPEG image
-	5 PNG Bitmap contains a PNG image	+	5 BI_PNG PNG Bitmap contains a PNG image

	* RLE stands for ''Run Length Encoding'' which counts the number of consecutive pixels		* RLE stands for ''Run Length Encoding'' which counts the number of consecutive pixels

ICON

2010-09-07T00:58:36Z

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	{{PageDescription}}		{{PageDescription}}
-	* '''QB64 currently only supports bitmaps!'''	+	* '''QB64 currently only supports bitmaps! DO NOT USE ICONS! An error will occur!'''
	*{{Parameter\|handle}} is the [[LONG]] handle value of an image loaded with {{KW\|_LOADIMAGE}}.		*{{Parameter\|handle}} is the [[LONG]] handle value of an image loaded with {{KW\|_LOADIMAGE}}.
	*The image will automatically be resized to fit the icon size of 16 X 16 if smaller or larger.		*The image will automatically be resized to fit the icon size of 16 X 16 if smaller or larger.
	*Once the program's icon is set, the image can be discarded with {{KW\|_FREEIMAGE}}.		*Once the program's icon is set, the image can be discarded with {{KW\|_FREEIMAGE}}.
-	*'''SCREEN 0 mode requires a 32 bit palette to load icons.'''	+	*'''SCREEN 0 mode requires a 32 bit palette to load bitmaps as icons.'''

Bitmaps

2010-09-06T20:50:04Z

Show changes

Icons and Cursors

2010-09-06T12:04:01Z

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	Under Construction!		Under Construction!
-		+	<center>C</center>
	{{WhiteStart}}		{{WhiteStart}}
-		+	'''Single Image Icon or Cursor'''
		+
		+	┌──────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌──────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐
		+	│ ICON │ │ [1] │ │ BMP │ │ PAL │ │ XOR │ │ AND │
		+	│Header├─6─┤Entry├─23─┤Header├─63─┤4 BPP├─127─┤32X32├─639─┤1 BPP│
		+	│6 Byte│ │16 B │ │ 40 B │ │64 B │ │512 B│ │128 B│
		+	└──────┘ └─────┘ └──────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘
		+
		+	'''Multiple Image'''
		+
	┌──────┐ ┌──────┐ ┌──────┐ ┌──────┐		┌──────┐ ┌──────┐ ┌──────┐ ┌──────┐
	│ ICON │ │Entry │ │Entry │ │Entry │		│ ICON │ │Entry │ │Entry │ │Entry │
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	│6 Byte│ │ 16 B │ │ 16 B │ │ 16 B │ │		│6 Byte│ │ 16 B │ │ 16 B │ │ 16 B │ │
	└──────┘ └──────┘ └──────┘ └──────┘ │		└──────┘ └──────┘ └──────┘ └──────┘ │
-	~~┌─────[~~1~~]offset~~=~~55──────────────┘~~	+	┌────GET Offset + 1 = 55─────────┘
-	~~┌───┴──┐~~ ┌──────┐ ┌──────┐	+	┌──┴───┐ ┌──────┐ ┌──────┐
-	│[1]~~BMP│~~ │[2]~~BMP│~~ │[3]~~BMP│~~	+	│BMP[1]│ │BMP[2]│ │BMP[3]│
	│Header│ ┌─┤Header│ ┌─┤Header│		│Header│ ┌─┤Header│ ┌─┤Header│
	│ 40 B │ │ │ 40 B │ │ │ 40 B │		│ 40 B │ │ │ 40 B │ │ │ 40 B │
	└──┬───┘ │ └──┬───┘ │ └──┬───┘		└──┬───┘ │ └──┬───┘ │ └──┬───┘
-	┌──┴───┐ o ┌──┴───┐ ~~o ┌──┴───┐~~	+	┌──┴───┐ │ ┌──┴───┐ │ │
-	│ ~~[1]~~ │ f │ ~~[2]~~ │ ~~f │ [3]~~ │	+	│ PAL │ O │ PAL │ O │
-	│ ~~XOR~~ │ f ~~│ XOR~~ │ f ~~│ XOR~~ │	+	│4 BPP │ f │8 BPP │ f 24 BPP
-	~~│ Data │~~ s ~~│ Data │~~ s │ ~~Data │~~	+	│ 64 B │ f │1024 B│ f │
-	~~└──┬───┘~~ e ~~└──┬───┘~~ e ~~└──┬───┘~~	+	└──┬───┘ s └──┬───┘ s │
-	~~┌──┴───┐~~ t ~~┌──┴───┐~~ t ~~┌──┴───┐~~	+	┌──┴───┐ e ┌──┴───┐ e ┌──┴───┐
-	│ ~~[1]~~ │ │ │ ~~[2]~~ │ │ │ ~~[3]~~ │	+	│ XOR │ t │ XOR │ t │ XOR │
		+	│16X16 │ + │32X32 │ + │48X48 │
		+	│128 B │ 1 │1024 B│ 1 │6912 B│
		+	└──┬───┘ │ └──┬───┘ │ └──┬───┘
		+	┌──┴───┐ │ ┌──┴───┐ │ ┌──┴───┐
	│ AND │ │ │ AND │ │ │ AND │		│ AND │ │ │ AND │ │ │ AND │
-	~~│ Data~~ ├──┘ ~~│ Data~~ ├──┘ │ ~~Data~~ │	+	│1 BPP ├──┘ │1 BPP ├──┘ │1 BPP │
		+	│ 64 B │ │128 B │ │384 B │
	└──────┘ └──────┘ └──────┘		└──────┘ └──────┘ └──────┘

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-	~~<center>C</center>~~	+

Bitmaps

2010-09-06T09:46:26Z

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	* '''Image data''' starts immediately after the bitmap header with '''One Bit''' and '''24 Bit''' colors. Immediately after the palette data with '''4 Bit''' and '''8 Bit''' colors. Image pixel data is read starting with the data from the '''BOTTOM''' row of the image. This is another idiosyncrasy of the Windows/OS2 bitmap. The pixel columns thankfully are read left to right. You may notice the image being drawn from the bottom up in Qbasic. The size of the data in a 24 Bit bitmap is at least two times the size of an 8 Bit one!		* '''Image data''' starts immediately after the bitmap header with '''One Bit''' and '''24 Bit''' colors. Immediately after the palette data with '''4 Bit''' and '''8 Bit''' colors. Image pixel data is read starting with the data from the '''BOTTOM''' row of the image. This is another idiosyncrasy of the Windows/OS2 bitmap. The pixel columns thankfully are read left to right. You may notice the image being drawn from the bottom up in Qbasic. The size of the data in a 24 Bit bitmap is at least two times the size of an 8 Bit one!
-		+	{{WhiteStart}}
-		+	┌───────┐
		+	│Bitmap │
		+	│Header │
		+	│54 Byte│
		+	└───┬───┘
		+	┌─────────┬────┴────┬────────┐
		+	┌──┴───┐ ┌───┴───┐ ┌───┴───┐ ┌──┴───┐
		+	│1 BPP │ │ 4 BPP │ │ 8 BPP │ │24 BPP│
		+	│IMAGE │ │Palette│ │Palette│ │IMAGE │
		+	│DATA │ │ 64 B │ │1024 B │ │DATA │
		+	└──────┘ └───┬───┘ └───┬───┘ └──────┘
		+	┌───┴───┐ ┌───┴───┐
		+	│ IMAGE │ │ IMAGE │
		+	│ DATA │ │ DATA │
		+	└───────┘ └───────┘
		+	{{WhiteEnd}}
	<center>'''Bits Per Pixel (BPP)'''</center>		<center>'''Bits Per Pixel (BPP)'''</center>

Line 202:		Line 217:
	ZeroPAD$ = {{Cl\|SPACE$}}((4 - ((BMP.PWidth * 3) {{Cl\|MOD}} 4)))		ZeroPAD$ = {{Cl\|SPACE$}}((4 - ((BMP.PWidth * 3) {{Cl\|MOD}} 4)))
	{{Cl\|END IF}}		{{Cl\|END IF}}
-	y = ~~PDEPTH&~~ - 1: o$ = " "	+	y = BMP.PDepth - 1: o$ = " "
	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, BMP.Offset, o$ 'offset + 1 immediately after BMP header		{{Cl\|GET}} #1, BMP.Offset, o$ 'offset + 1 immediately after BMP header
	R$ = " "		R$ = " "

Icons and Cursors

2010-09-06T09:36:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:36, 6 September 2010
(3 intermediate revisions not shown)
Line 1:		Line 1:
	Under Construction!		Under Construction!

		+	{{WhiteStart}}
		+
		+	┌──────┐ ┌──────┐ ┌──────┐ ┌──────┐
		+	│ ICON │ │Entry │ │Entry │ │Entry │
		+	│Header├─6─┤ [1] ├─22─┤ [2] ├─38─┤ [3] ├─54─┐
		+	│6 Byte│ │ 16 B │ │ 16 B │ │ 16 B │ │
		+	└──────┘ └──────┘ └──────┘ └──────┘ │
		+	┌─────[1]offset=55──────────────┘
		+	┌───┴──┐ ┌──────┐ ┌──────┐
		+	│[1]BMP│ │[2]BMP│ │[3]BMP│
		+	│Header│ ┌─┤Header│ ┌─┤Header│
		+	│ 40 B │ │ │ 40 B │ │ │ 40 B │
		+	└──┬───┘ │ └──┬───┘ │ └──┬───┘
		+	┌──┴───┐ o ┌──┴───┐ o ┌──┴───┐
		+	│ [1] │ f │ [2] │ f │ [3] │
		+	│ XOR │ f │ XOR │ f │ XOR │
		+	│ Data │ s │ Data │ s │ Data │
		+	└──┬───┘ e └──┬───┘ e └──┬───┘
		+	┌──┴───┐ t ┌──┴───┐ t ┌──┴───┐
		+	│ [1] │ │ │ [2] │ │ │ [3] │
		+	│ AND │ │ │ AND │ │ │ AND │
		+	│ Data ├──┘ │ Data ├──┘ │ Data │
		+	└──────┘ └──────┘ └──────┘
		+
		+	{{WhiteEnd}}
		+
		+
		+	<center>C</center>

Grey Scale Bitmaps

2010-09-06T03:33:53Z

New page

Grey scale is necessary for compatibility with Qbasic's legacy [[SCREEN (statement)|SCREEN]] modes when viewing 24/32 bit bitmaps! You may also desire grey scale images for aesthetic or artistic reasons.

* Set each color '''attribute''''s RGB '''intensities''' to the same value while incrementing the attribute values and intensity levels.

* Don't exceed 63 when using [[OUT]] in legacy screen modes 12 or 13. Screens 7 and 9 use [[DAC]] color settings.

* If using a '''QB64''' 32 bit [[_NEWIMAGE]] Screen, use [[_RGB]] or [[RGB32]] values no higher than 255.

* Then set the color '''attributes''' to reflect the number of colors available in that legacy screen mode.

* 24/32 bit do not use color attributes, so the '''intensity levels''' must be set to an average for all three.

<center>'''SCREEN 12 (4 BPP - 16 colors)'''</center>
{{CodeStart}}
'' ''
{{Cl|SUB}} TrueColor12 'Screen 12 greyscale of 24 bit 'code by Bob Seguin
{{Cl|IF}} BMP.PWidth * 3) {{Cl|MOD}} 4) {{Cl|THEN}}
ZeroPAD$ = {{Cl|SPACE$}}((4 - ((BMP.PWidth * 3) {{Cl|MOD}} 4)))
{{Cl|END IF}}
n = 3
{{Cl|FOR...NEXT|FOR}} Colr = 0 {{Cl|TO}} 15 '16 colors
{{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C8, Colr
{{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, n 'color intensities are each equal in grey scale
{{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, n
{{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, n
n = n + 4 'increment intensities. maximum intensity = 63
{{Cl|NEXT}} Colr
y = BMP.PDepth - 1: o$ = " "
{{Cl|GET}} #1, BMP.Offset, o$
R$ = " ": G$ = " ": B$ = " "
{{Cl|DO}}
x = 0 'set image to left of screen
{{Cl|DO}}
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , B$
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , G$
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , R$
red = {{Cl|ASC}}(R$) 'intensities from 0 to 255
grn = {{Cl|ASC}}(G$)
blu = {{Cl|ASC}}(B$)
average = (red + grn + blu) \ 48 'divide by 16 colors and divide by 3 for average
{{Cl|PSET}} (x, y), average '255 * 3 divided by 16 = maximum color of 15
x = x + 1
{{Cl|LOOP}} {{Cl|WHILE}} x < BMP.Pwidth
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , ZeroPAD$ 'move up one row from bottom
y = y - 1
{{Cl|LOOP}} {{Cl|UNTIL}} y = -1
{{Cl|END SUB}} '' ''

{{CodeEnd}}

<center>'''SCREEN 13 (4 or 8 BPP - 256 colors)'''</center>
{{CodeStart}}
'' ''
{{Cl|SUB}} TrueColor13 'Screen 13 greyscale of 24 bit 'code by Bob Seguin
{{Cl|IF}} ((BMP.PWidth * 3) {{Cl|MOD}} 4) <> 0 {{Cl|THEN}}
ZeroPAD$ = {{Cl|SPACE$}}((4 - ((BMP.PWidth * 3) {{Cl|MOD}} 4)))
{{Cl|END IF}}
{{Cl|FOR...NEXT|FOR}} Colr = 0 {{Cl|TO}} 255 {{Cl|STEP}} 4 '63 different intensities
{{Cl|FOR...NEXT|FOR}} Reps = 0 {{Cl|TO}} 3 'set 3 colors at a time
{{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C8, Colr + Reps
{{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, n 'color intensities are each equal in grey scale
{{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, n
{{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, n
{{Cl|NEXT}} Reps
n = n + 1 'increment intensities. maximum = 63
{{Cl|NEXT}} Colr
y = BMP.PDepth - 1: o$ = " "
{{Cl|GET}} #1, BMP.Offset, o$ 'offset + 1 immediately after header
R$ = " ": G$ = " ": B$ = " "
{{Cl|DO}}
x = 0 'set image to left side of screen
{{Cl|DO}}
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , B$
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , G$
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , R$
red = {{Cl|ASC}}(R$)
grn = {{Cl|ASC}}(G$)
blu = {{Cl|ASC}}(B$)
average = (red + grn + blu) \ 3 'divide by 3 for average as colors match intensities
{{Cl|PSET}} (x, y), average '3 * 255 divided by 3 = maximum color attribute of 255
x = x + 1
{{Cl|LOOP}} {{Cl|WHILE}} x < BMP.PWidth
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , ZeroPAD$ 'skip padder if used
y = y - 1 'move up one row from bottom
{{Cl|LOOP}} {{Cl|UNTIL}} y = -1
{{Cl|END SUB}} '' ''

{{CodeEnd}}

<center>'''SCREEN [[_NEWIMAGE]](BMP.PWidth, BMP.PDepth, 32) (24 BPP - 16 million colors)'''</center>
{{CodeStart}}

{{Cl|SUB}} TrueGreyScale 'convert a 24 bit bitmap image to grey scale
{{Cl|IF}} ((BMP.PWidth * 3) {{Cl|MOD}} 4) <> 0 {{Cl|THEN}}
ZeroPAD$ = {{Cl|SPACE$}}((4 - ((BMP.PWidth * 3) {{Cl|MOD}} 4)))
{{Cl|END IF}}
y = BMP.PDepth - 1: o$ = " "
{{Cl|GET}} #1, BMP.Offset, o$ 'offset + 1 immediately after header
R$ = " ": G$ = " ": B$ = " "
{{Cl|DO}}
x = 0 'set image to left side of screen
{{Cl|DO}}
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , B$
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , G$
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , R$
red = {{Cl|ASC}}(R$)
grn = {{Cl|ASC}}(G$)
blu = {{Cl|ASC}}(B$)
average = (red + grn + blu) \ 3 'divide by 3 for average as colors match intensities
{{Cl|PSET}} (x, y), {{Cl|_RGB32}}(average, average, average) 'maximum color intensity = 255
x = x + 1
{{Cl|LOOP}} {{Cl|WHILE}} x < BMP.PWidth
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , ZeroPAD$ 'skip padder if used
y = y - 1 'move up one row from bottom
{{Cl|LOOP}} {{Cl|UNTIL}} y = -1
{{Cl|END SUB}} '' ''

{{CodeEnd}}

<center>'''Tinting Grey Scale Images'''</center>

: To tint a SCREEN 12 or 13 greyscale image, keep the '''palette''' intensity settings of 1 or 2 colors less than the others.
{{CodeStart}}
'' ''
{{Cl|FOR...NEXT|FOR}} Colr = 0 {{Cl|TO}} 255 {{Cl|STEP}} 4 '63 different intensities
{{Cl|FOR...NEXT|FOR}} Reps = 0 {{Cl|TO}} 3 'set 3 colors at a time
{{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C8, Colr + Reps
{{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, n - tint 'decrease color intensities of red and green
{{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, n - tint
{{Cl|OUT}} {{Cl|&H}}3C9, n 'higher blue intensity will blue the image
{{Cl|NEXT}} Reps
n = n + 1 'increment intensities. maximum = 63
{{Cl|IF}} n > 5 {{Cl|THEN}} tint = 5 'keep red and green intensity values above 0!
{{Cl|NEXT}} Colr '' ''

{{CodeEnd}}

: In 24/32 bit SCREENs, subtract some intensity from one or two of the 3 '''image pixel''' settings.
{{CodeStart}}
'' ''
{{Cl|DO}}
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , B$
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , G$
{{Cl|GET}} #1, , R$
red = {{Cl|ASC}}(R$)
grn = {{Cl|ASC}}(G$)
blu = {{Cl|ASC}}(B$)
average = (red + grn + blu) \ 3 'divide by 3 for average as colors match intensities
IF average > 5 THEN tint = 5 ELSE tint = 0
{{Cl|PSET}} (x, y), {{Cl|_RGB32}}(average - tint, average - tint, average) 'maximum color intensity = 255
x = x + 1
{{Cl|LOOP}} {{Cl|WHILE}} x < BMP.PWidth '' ''

{{CodeEnd}}
: You could keep the red and green intensity settings higher than blue to yellow, brown, or antique the image too.

''See also:''

* [[Bitmaps]]
* [[Icons and Cursors]]

{{PageNavigation}}

Bitmaps

2010-09-05T23:44:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:44, 5 September 2010
(One intermediate revision not shown)
Line 74:		Line 74:

	{{WhiteEnd}}		{{WhiteEnd}}
		+	<center>'''Palette Data (4 and 8 Bit Only)'''</center>

	* '''Attribute''' color intensities for '''4''' and '''8 BPP''' are set by the bitmap itself using the '''Palette data''' immediately following the bitmap header. The data is read as Blue, Green and Red color intensities with a one byte padder following each BGR setting. This is true for ALL Windows/OS2 bitmap color intensities including 24 bit, which reads the intensities directly from the '''image data'''!		* '''Attribute''' color intensities for '''4''' and '''8 BPP''' are set by the bitmap itself using the '''Palette data''' immediately following the bitmap header. The data is read as Blue, Green and Red color intensities with a one byte padder following each BGR setting. This is true for ALL Windows/OS2 bitmap color intensities including 24 bit, which reads the intensities directly from the '''image data'''!
Line 79:		Line 80:


-	* '''Image data''' starts immediately after the bitmap header with '''One Bit''' and '''24 Bit''' colors. Immediately after the palette data with '''4 Bit''' and '''8 Bit''' colors. Image pixel data is read starting with the data from the '''BOTTOM''' row of the image. This is another idiosyncrasy of the Windows/OS2 bitmap. The pixel columns thankfully are read left to right. You may notice the image being drawn from the bottom up in Qbasic. The size of the data in a 24 Bit bitmap is 3 times the size of an 8 Bit one!	+	<center>'''Image Data'''</center>
		+
		+	* '''Image data''' starts immediately after the bitmap header with '''One Bit''' and '''24 Bit''' colors. Immediately after the palette data with '''4 Bit''' and '''8 Bit''' colors. Image pixel data is read starting with the data from the '''BOTTOM''' row of the image. This is another idiosyncrasy of the Windows/OS2 bitmap. The pixel columns thankfully are read left to right. You may notice the image being drawn from the bottom up in Qbasic. The size of the data in a 24 Bit bitmap is at least two times the size of an 8 Bit one!


Line 111:		Line 114:
	y = y - 1 'move up one row from bottom		y = y - 1 'move up one row from bottom
	{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|UNTIL}} y = -1		{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|UNTIL}} y = -1
-	{{Cl\|END}} {{Cl\|SUB}}	+	{{Cl\|END}} {{Cl\|SUB}} '' ''

	{{CodeEnd}}		{{CodeEnd}}
Line 141:		Line 144:
	{{Cl\|DO}}		{{Cl\|DO}}
	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$		{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$
-	HiNIBBLE = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) \ {{Cl\|&H}}10 'ASCII value divided by 16	+	HiNIBBLE = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) \ {{Cl\|&H}}10 'ASCII value divided by 16 colors
	LoNIBBLE = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) {{Cl\|AND}} {{Cl\|&H}}F 'ASCII value AND 15		LoNIBBLE = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) {{Cl\|AND}} {{Cl\|&H}}F 'ASCII value AND 15
	{{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), HiNIBBLE		{{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), HiNIBBLE
Line 151:		Line 154:
	y = y - 1 'move up one row from bottom		y = y - 1 'move up one row from bottom
	{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|UNTIL}} y = -1		{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|UNTIL}} y = -1
-	{{Cl\|END}} {{Cl\|SUB}}	+	{{Cl\|END}} {{Cl\|SUB}} '' ''

	{{CodeEnd}}		{{CodeEnd}}
Line 174:		Line 177:
	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$ '--- skip unused spacer byte		{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$ '--- skip unused spacer byte
	{{Cl\|NEXT}} Colr		{{Cl\|NEXT}} Colr
-	y = ~~BMPHead~~.PDepth - 1: o$ = " "	+	y = BMP.PDepth - 1: o$ = " "
	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, BMP.Offset, o$ 'offset + 1 is immediately after Palette data		{{Cl\|GET}} #1, BMP.Offset, o$ 'offset + 1 is immediately after Palette data
	p$ = " "		p$ = " "
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	y = y - 1 'move up one row from bottom		y = y - 1 'move up one row from bottom
	{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|UNTIL}} y = -1		{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|UNTIL}} y = -1
-	{{Cl\|END SUB}}	+	{{Cl\|END SUB}} '' ''
		+
		+	{{CodeEnd}}
		+
		+
		+	*'''Twenty Four Bit''': For screen modes created by _NEWIMAGE 32 only. '''Image data''' starts immediately after the bitmap header. There is no palette data! Each BGR '''color intensity''' is one byte of the [[ASCII]] code value directly. Values range from 0 to 255 using '''QB64's''' [[_RGB]] or [[_RGB32]] functions to set the [[PSET]] colors as below:
		+
		+	{{CodeStart}}
		+	'' ''
		+	{{Cl\|SUB}} TrueCOLOR '24/32 BIT 'code by Bob Seguin
		+	{{Cl\|IF}} ((Picture{{Cl\|BMP.PWidth * 3) {{Cl\|MOD}} 4) <> 0 {{Cl\|THEN}} '<<<<<<< 3 byte pixels
		+	ZeroPAD$ = {{Cl\|SPACE$}}((4 - ((BMP.PWidth * 3) {{Cl\|MOD}} 4)))
		+	{{Cl\|END IF}}
		+	y = PDEPTH& - 1: o$ = " "
		+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, BMP.Offset, o$ 'offset + 1 immediately after BMP header
		+	R$ = " "
		+	G$ = " "
		+	B$ = " "
		+	{{Cl\|DO}}
		+	x = 0 'place image to left side of screen
		+	{{Cl\|DO}}
		+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , B$ 'intensities read in reverse order BGR like palette
		+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , G$
		+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , R$
		+	red& = {{Cl\|ASC}}(R$) 'read ASCII code value 0 to 255 (cannot use {{Cl\|_BYTE}})
		+	green& = {{Cl\|ASC}}(G$)
		+	blue& = {{Cl\|ASC}}(B$)
		+	{{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), {{Cl\|_RGB32}}(red&, green&, blue&)
		+	x = x + 1
		+	{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|WHILE}} x < BMP.PWidth
		+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , ZeroPAD$ 'skip padder if any
		+	y = y - 1 'move up one row from bottom
		+	{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|UNTIL}} y = -1
		+	{{Cl\|END}} {{Cl\|SUB}} '' ''

	{{CodeEnd}}		{{CodeEnd}}


		+	<center>'''Converting to Grey Scale or Black and White'''</center>

		+	<center>The palettes can be set to greyscale by ignoring the actual '''palette data''' and/or averaging the pixel's RGB '''image data'''.</center>
		+	<center> It may also be necessary when trying to view 24 BPP bitmaps in SCREEN 12 or 13.</center>

		+	<center>''See:'' [[Grey Scale Bitmaps]]</center>


-	~~numerical data converted to [[ASCII]] characters by [[MKI$]] or [[MKL$]].~~	+	<center>'''Creating Bitmaps from Images'''</center>

-	~~After the header~~, ~~the RGB color settings are created using~~ [[ASCII]] characters ~~read backwards as Blue, Green, Red and CHR~~$~~(0) as a spacer. Bitmaps require that format~~.	+	:In [[BINARY]] files, numerical data can also be converted to [[ASCII]] characters by using [[MKI$]] for [[INTEGER]]s or [[MKL$]] for [[LONG]] values.

-	~~The actual image is read as pixel attributes from~~ the ~~image bottom to~~ the ~~top~~ for ~~proper bitmap formatting adding spacing when needed~~.	+	:After the header, the RGB '''color intensity palette''' settings for '''16''' and '''256''' color bitmaps are created using [[ASCII]] characters read backwards as Blue, Green, Red and CHR$(0) as a spacer. Four and Eight BPP bitmaps require that format.

		+	:The actual image is read as pixel attributes or RGB intensities from the image bottom to the top for proper bitmap formatting adding padder spacing when needed.

	''Bitmap creation SUB programs:''		''Bitmap creation SUB programs:''

SelectScreen

2010-09-05T19:02:31Z

Forgot codeguy credit

Show changes

POINT

2010-09-05T14:05:28Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:05, 5 September 2010
(2 intermediate revisions not shown)
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	{{CodeStart}}		{{CodeStart}}
-	FOR c = 0 TO 60	+	FOR c = 0 TO 59 '60 X 60 area from 0 pixel
-	FOR r = 0 TO 60	+	FOR r = 0 TO 59
	IF {{Cl\|POINT}}(c, r) = 0 THEN {{Cl\|PSET}} (c, r), 15 ELSE PSET (c, r), 0		IF {{Cl\|POINT}}(c, r) = 0 THEN {{Cl\|PSET}} (c, r), 15 ELSE PSET (c, r), 0
	NEXT r		NEXT r
Line 24:		Line 24:
	{{CodeEnd}}		{{CodeEnd}}

-	:''Explanation:'' In the procedure all black areas(background) are changed to white for a PUT using AND over other colored objects. The other image colors are changed to black for a PUT of the original image using XOR. The array images can be {{KW\|BSAVE}}d for later use. '''QB64 can also''' [[PUT]]''' a full screen image array directly into a''' [[BINARY]] '''file.'''	+	:''Explanation:'' In the procedure all black areas(background) are changed to white for a PUT using AND over other colored objects. The other image colors are changed to black for a PUT of the original image using XOR. The array images can be {{KW\|BSAVE}}d for later use. '''QB64 can also''' [[PUT]]''' a full screen 12 image from an array directly into a''' [[BINARY]] '''file.'''


Line 40:		Line 40:
	* [[PSET]], [[SCREEN (statement)]]		* [[PSET]], [[SCREEN (statement)]]
	* [[GET (graphics statement)]], [[PUT (graphics statement)]]		* [[GET (graphics statement)]], [[PUT (graphics statement)]]
-		+	* [[Bitmaps]]


	{{PageNavigation}}		{{PageNavigation}}

ThirtyTwoBit SUB

2010-09-05T13:59:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:59, 5 September 2010
Line 137:		Line 137:

	[[Program ScreenShots]]		[[Program ScreenShots]]
		+
		+	[[Bitmaps]]



	{{PageNavigation}}		{{PageNavigation}}

Program ScreenShots

2010-09-05T13:55:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:55, 5 September 2010
Line 249:		Line 249:

	* {{KW\|ThirtyTwoBit SUB}} (QB64 saves partial Image area to bitmap)		* {{KW\|ThirtyTwoBit SUB}} (QB64 saves partial Image area to bitmap)
		+
		+	*{{KW\|Bitmaps}}

SAVEIMAGE

2010-09-05T13:54:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:54, 5 September 2010
Line 76:		Line 76:
	* {{KW\|TYPE}}		* {{KW\|TYPE}}
	* {{KW\|Program ScreenShots}} (member SUBprogram)		* {{KW\|Program ScreenShots}} (member SUBprogram)
		+	* {{KW\|Bitmaps}}


	{{PageNavigation}}		{{PageNavigation}}

LOADIMAGE

2010-09-05T13:51:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:51, 5 September 2010
Line 62:		Line 62:
	*{{KW\|_PALETTECOLOR (function)}}, {{KW\|_COPYPALETTE}}		*{{KW\|_PALETTECOLOR (function)}}, {{KW\|_COPYPALETTE}}
	*{{KW\|SCREEN (statement)}}		*{{KW\|SCREEN (statement)}}
-		+	*{{KW\|Bitmaps}}
-		+
-		+

Bitmaps

2010-09-05T12:43:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:43, 5 September 2010
(One intermediate revision not shown)
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	'' ''		'' ''
	{{Cl\|SUB}} OneBit 'Any Screen as Black and White 'code by Bob Seguin		{{Cl\|SUB}} OneBit 'Any Screen as Black and White 'code by Bob Seguin
-	BitsOver = ~~BMPHead~~.PWidth {{Cl\|MOD}} 32 'check bitmap width for 4 byte or odd width	+	BitsOver = BMP.PWidth {{Cl\|MOD}} 32 'check bitmap width for 4 byte or odd width
	{{Cl\|IF}} BitsOver {{Cl\|THEN}} ZeroPAD$ = {{Cl\|SPACE$}}((32 - BitsOver) \ 8) '16 and 48 wide have 2 byte padder		{{Cl\|IF}} BitsOver {{Cl\|THEN}} ZeroPAD$ = {{Cl\|SPACE$}}((32 - BitsOver) \ 8) '16 and 48 wide have 2 byte padder
	y = BMPHead.PDepth - 1: o$ = " "		y = BMPHead.PDepth - 1: o$ = " "
-	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, ~~BMPHead~~.Offset, o$ ' offset immediately after BMP header (NO Palette)	+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, BMP.Offset, o$ ' offset immediately after BMP header (NO Palette)
	a$ = " " 'define a one byte string to read ASCII characters		a$ = " " 'define a one byte string to read ASCII characters
	{{Cl\|DO}}		{{Cl\|DO}}
Line 107:		Line 107:
	x = x + 1 'move one pixel to the right		x = x + 1 'move one pixel to the right
	{{Cl\|NEXT}} BitCOUNT		{{Cl\|NEXT}} BitCOUNT
-	{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|WHILE}} x < ~~BMPHead~~.PWidth	+	{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|WHILE}} x < BMP.PWidth
	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , ZeroPAD$ 'skip the padder bytes if any		{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , ZeroPAD$ 'skip the padder bytes if any
-	y = y - 1 'move up one row	+	y = y - 1 'move up one row from bottom
	{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|UNTIL}} y = -1		{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|UNTIL}} y = -1
	{{Cl\|END}} {{Cl\|SUB}}		{{Cl\|END}} {{Cl\|SUB}}
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-	* '''Four Bit''': Pixels can use 16 colors in [[SCREEN (statement)\|SCREEN]] modes 7, 8, 9, 12 and 13 ~~in Qbasic~~. After the bitmap header, the color '''palette''' is read to set the color intensities as explained above. Then the individual pixel attributes are read from the '''image data'''. Each '''pixel''' uses half a byte of color '''attribute''' information. To determine the pixel's attribute, each "nibble" is read by dividing the byte's [[ASCII]] value by 16 for the first pixel's value while the second pixel's value is found using [[AND]] 15 as shown below:	+	* '''Four Bit''': Pixels can use 16 colors in Qbasic legacy [[SCREEN (statement)\|SCREEN]] modes 7, 8, 9, 12 and 13. After the bitmap header, the color '''palette''' is read to set the color intensities as explained above. Then the individual pixel attributes are read from the '''image data'''. Each '''pixel''' uses half a byte of color '''attribute''' information. To determine the pixel's attribute, each "nibble" is read by dividing the byte's [[ASCII]] value by 16 for the first pixel's value while the second pixel's value is found using [[AND]] 15 as shown below:

	{{CodeStart}}		{{CodeStart}}
	'' ''		'' ''
	{{Cl\|SUB}} FourBIT ' 4 bit(16 color) Screens 7, 8, 9, 12 or 13 'code by Bob Seguin		{{Cl\|SUB}} FourBIT ' 4 bit(16 color) Screens 7, 8, 9, 12 or 13 'code by Bob Seguin
-	{{Cl\|IF}} ~~BMPHead~~.PWidth {{Cl\|MOD}} 8 {{Cl\|THEN}} ZeroPAD$ = {{Cl\|SPACE$}}((8 - ~~BMPHead~~.PWidth {{Cl\|MOD}} 8) \ 2)	+	{{Cl\|IF}} BMP.PWidth {{Cl\|MOD}} 8 {{Cl\|THEN}} ZeroPAD$ = {{Cl\|SPACE$}}((8 - BMP.PWidth {{Cl\|MOD}} 8) \ 2)
-	a$ = " "	+	a$ = " "
-	{{Cl\|FOR...NEXT\|FOR}} Colr = 0 {{Cl\|TO}} ~~NumColors - 1~~ 'read palette data for intensities	+	{{Cl\|OUT}} {{Cl\|&H}}3C8, 0 'start at attribute 0
-	~~{{Cl\|OUT}} {{Cl\|&H}}3C8, Colr 'set attribute to change~~	+	{{Cl\|FOR...NEXT\|FOR}} Colr = 0 {{Cl\|TO}} 15 'read palette data for intensities
	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$: Blu = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) \ 4 'intensity is divided by 4 to use {{Cl\|OUT}}		{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$: Blu = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) \ 4 'intensity is divided by 4 to use {{Cl\|OUT}}
	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$: Grn = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) \ 4		{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$: Grn = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) \ 4
Line 131:		Line 131:
	{{Cl\|OUT}} {{Cl\|&H}}3C9, Red 'NOTE: RGB settings could also be sent directly to an		{{Cl\|OUT}} {{Cl\|&H}}3C9, Red 'NOTE: RGB settings could also be sent directly to an
	{{Cl\|OUT}} {{Cl\|&H}}3C9, Grn 'array when the data is to be stored by a file using		{{Cl\|OUT}} {{Cl\|&H}}3C9, Grn 'array when the data is to be stored by a file using
-	{{Cl\|OUT}} {{Cl\|&H}}3C9, Blu '{{Cl\|BSAVE}} or {{Cl\|PUT}} # ~~with~~ a {{Cl\|BINARY}} file in QB64	+	{{Cl\|OUT}} {{Cl\|&H}}3C9, Blu '{{Cl\|BSAVE}} or with one {{Cl\|PUT}} # to a {{Cl\|BINARY}} file in QB64
	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$ '--- skip unused spacer byte		{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$ '--- skip unused spacer byte
	{{Cl\|NEXT}} Colr		{{Cl\|NEXT}} Colr
	o$ = " "		o$ = " "
-	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, ~~BMPHead~~.Offset, o$ 'image data offset + 1 is the actual start of image data	+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, BMP.Offset, o$ 'image data offset + 1 is the actual start of image data
-	y = ~~BMPHead~~.PDepth - 1: a$ = " "	+	y = BMP.PDepth - 1: a$ = " "
	{{Cl\|DO}}		{{Cl\|DO}}
	x = 0 'image placed at left side of screen		x = 0 'image placed at left side of screen
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	{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|WHILE}} x < BMPHead.PWidth		{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|WHILE}} x < BMPHead.PWidth
	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , ZeroPAD$ 'skip padder bytes if any		{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , ZeroPAD$ 'skip padder bytes if any
-	y = y - 1 'move up one row	+	y = y - 1 'move up one row from bottom
	{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|UNTIL}} y = -1		{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|UNTIL}} y = -1
	{{Cl\|END}} {{Cl\|SUB}}		{{Cl\|END}} {{Cl\|SUB}}

	{{CodeEnd}}		{{CodeEnd}}
-	: '''QB64''' can store a full ~~screen~~ 12 image with [[PUT]] using an 80K [[INTEGER]] array instead of using the 3 files required in Qbasic!	+	: '''QB64''' can store a full Screen 12 image with [[PUT]] using an 80K [[INTEGER]] array instead of using the 3 files required in Qbasic!

		+
		+	* '''Eight Bit''': Pixels can use 256 colors in Qbasic legacy [[SCREEN (statement)\|SCREEN]] mode 13 or a [[_NEWIMAGE]] Screen using 256 or "borrowing" screen 13. '''Image data''' is immediately after the 1024 bytes of '''palette data''' BGR intensity settings. Pixel '''attributes''' are each set by reading the byte's [[ASCII]] value directly.
		+
		+	{{CodeStart}}
		+
		+	{{Cl\|SUB}} EightBIT ' 8 Bit (256 color) Screen 13 Only 'code by Bob Seguin
		+	{{Cl\|IF}} BMP.PWidth {{Cl\|MOD}} 4 {{Cl\|THEN}} ZeroPAD$ = {{Cl\|SPACE$}}(4 - (BMP.PWidth {{Cl\|MOD}} 4)) 'check for padder
		+	a$ = " "
		+	{{Cl\|OUT}} {{Cl\|&H}}3C8, 0 'start at attribute 0
		+	{{Cl\|FOR...NEXT\|FOR}} Colr = 0 {{Cl\|TO}} 255
		+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$: Blu = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) \ 4
		+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$: Grn = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) \ 4
		+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$: Red = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) \ 4
		+	{{Cl\|OUT}} {{Cl\|&H}}3C9, Red
		+	{{Cl\|OUT}} {{Cl\|&H}}3C9, Grn
		+	{{Cl\|OUT}} {{Cl\|&H}}3C9, Blu
		+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$ '--- skip unused spacer byte
		+	{{Cl\|NEXT}} Colr
		+	y = BMPHead.PDepth - 1: o$ = " "
		+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, BMP.Offset, o$ 'offset + 1 is immediately after Palette data
		+	p$ = " "
		+	{{Cl\|DO}}: x = 0
		+	{{Cl\|DO}}
		+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , p$
		+	{{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), {{Cl\|ASC}}(p$)
		+	x = x + 1
		+	{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|WHILE}} x < BMP.PWidth
		+	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , ZeroPAD$ 'skip padder if any
		+	y = y - 1 'move up one row from bottom
		+	{{Cl\|LOOP}} {{Cl\|UNTIL}} y = -1
		+	{{Cl\|END SUB}}
		+
		+	{{CodeEnd}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:10, 8 September 2010
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	{{Cl\|DO}}		{{Cl\|DO}}
	{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$		{{Cl\|GET}} #1, , a$
-	Byte{{Cl\|VAL}} = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) 'MSBit is left when calculating 16 X 16 cursor map 2 byte integer	+	Byte{{Cl\|VAL}} = {{Cl\|ASC}}(a$) 'MSBit is left when calculating 16 X 16 cursor map 2 byte integer
-	{{Cl\|FOR...NEXT\|FOR}} Bit% = 7 {{Cl\|TO}} 0 {{Cl\|STEP}} -1 'values despite M$ documentation that says otherwise!	+	{{Cl\|FOR...NEXT\|FOR}} Bit% = 7 {{Cl\|TO}} 0 {{Cl\|STEP}} -1 'values despite M$ documentation that says otherwise!
-	{{Cl\|IF}} Byte{{Cl\|VAL}} {{Cl\|AND (boolean)\|AND}} 2 ^ Bit% {{Cl\|THEN}} '~~{{Cl\|~~LONG}} values cannot be used in a cursor file!	+	{{Cl\|IF}} Byte{{Cl\|VAL}} {{Cl\|AND (boolean)\|AND}} 2 ^ Bit% {{Cl\|THEN}} 'LONG values cannot be used in a cursor file!
	{{Cl\|IF}} BPP > 8 {{Cl\|THEN}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), {{Cl\|_RGB32}}(255, 255, 255) {{Cl\|ELSE}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), 15		{{Cl\|IF}} BPP > 8 {{Cl\|THEN}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), {{Cl\|_RGB32}}(255, 255, 255) {{Cl\|ELSE}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), 15
	{{Cl\|ELSE}}: {{Cl\|IF}} BPP > 8 {{Cl\|THEN}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), {{Cl\|_RGB32}}(0, 0, 0) {{Cl\|ELSE}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), 0		{{Cl\|ELSE}}: {{Cl\|IF}} BPP > 8 {{Cl\|THEN}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), {{Cl\|_RGB32}}(0, 0, 0) {{Cl\|ELSE}} {{Cl\|PSET}} (x, y), 0

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:51, 5 September 2010
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	*{{KW\|_PALETTECOLOR (function)}}, {{KW\|_COPYPALETTE}}		*{{KW\|_PALETTECOLOR (function)}}, {{KW\|_COPYPALETTE}}
	*{{KW\|SCREEN (statement)}}		*{{KW\|SCREEN (statement)}}
-		+	*{{KW\|Bitmaps}}
-		+
-		+